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Department of Agriculture and Food Systems
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Department of Agriculture and Food Systems
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Agribusiness Review - Vol. 10 - 2002Land reform and the development of commercial agriculture in Vietnam: policy and issuesSally P. Marsh s.marsh@agec.usyd.edu.au and T. Gordon MacAulay g.macaulay@agec.usyd.edu.au AbstractOver the last decade, following the doi moi reforms, the Vietnamese government has formally recognised the household as the basic unit of production and allocated land use rights to households. Under the 1993 Land Law these rights can be transferred, exchanged, leased, inherited, and mortgaged. A land market is emerging in Vietnam but is still constrained for various reasons. Additionally, lack of flexibility of land use is an issue. As Vietnam moves into the world market and reduces trade barriers in line with ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) requirements, farmers are becoming increasingly vulnerable to falling incomes because of lower prices for their produce. An overview of the land reform policies and issues related to these are outlined in the paper. Challenges facing Vietnamese agriculture are discussed within the context of an effort by Vietnam to more its household farms from subsistence farming to a more commercial base. The US Cattle Cycle and its Influence on the Australian Beef IndustryGarry Griffith, Principal Research Scientist, NSW Agriculture Beef Industry Centre, Armidale, a Project Leader, Beef Quality CRC and Adjunct Professor, University of New England and Andrew Alford, PhD scholar at the University of New England, funded by the Beef Quality CRC. Abstract Although there is some disagreement about the fine detail the signposts for the Australian beef industry appear to be pointing mainly in the “positive” direction in the short term. Beef Consumption, Supply and Trade in KoreaJung-Sup Choi, Korea Rural Economic Institute, Seoul 130-710, Korea, Zhang-Yue Zhou and Rodney J. Cox, The University of Sydney – Orange, Orange NSW 2800 AbstractUntil recently the Korean beef market was heavily protected. However, since the beginning of 2001 there have been significant changes to beef import arrangements and their distribution channels, and the protection in the beef market has fallen. In January 2001 beef import quotas were lifted and replaced by an import tariff. The dual retail system – where domestic and imported beef are sold separately – was abolished in September 2001, and now domestic and imported beef can be sold in the same outlet. In addition, any retailer is now permitted to sell imported beef. Thanks to the WTO-led reforms, Australia can benefit from the changes in the Korean beef market. In this study, we examine beef consumption trends in Korea; Korea's beef cattle production and its beef supply potential; beef import prospects; likely responses in the Korean beef industry as a result of the beef import tariffication; and beef trading arrangements in Korea. We also draw implications on how the Australian beef industry may capitalise on the opening up of the Korean beef market. The Demand for Beef in Indonesia: Implications for Australian AgribusinessMaradoli Hutasuhut a , Hui-Shung (Christie) Chang b , Garry Griffith b,c , Chris O'Donnell b and Howard Doran b AbstractMeat consumption, expenditure and socio-demographic data from the 1990, 1993 and 1996 SUSENAS Household Food Expenditure and Consumption Surveys were employed to estimate the demand for meats in Indonesia. The focus was on the Provinces of DKI Jakarta and West Java where about one-fourth of the Indonesian population reside. Statistical and econometric procedures were used to aggregate the 16 meat types recorded in the SUSENAS into four meat groups. They were then used to estimate the Linear Approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) model, taking into account zero observations and the restriction that budget shares must lie between zero and unity.
Farm Management In The 21 st CenturyJ D Mullen, NSW Agriculture, Head Office, 161 Kite Street, Orange, NSW 2800 AbstractA key element of an agenda for farm management in the 21 st Century should be productivity on farms. The gains from productivity since 1953 have been enough to offset declines in the real price of farm outputs at least in the broadacre sector. Productivity gains will remain important to the sector in this century. For public institutions, the focus of research and extension activities will continue to switch to the management of natural resources. Farmers and policy makers will need to know the on-farm impacts of technologies and policies that will effect resource stocks over many years. A challenge to farm management professionals will be how to present this information, derived from sophisticated modelling, to farmers and policy makers. My guess is that Malcolm's ‘few figurings' of a ‘few futures' is the way to go. Issues for Farm Management in the 21 st Century: A view from the WestRoss Kingwell, Senior adviser, Western Australian Department of Agriculture and Visiting senior lecturer, University of Western Australia Abstract Against a backdrop of descriptive snapshots of the years 1975, 2000 and 2025, this paper explores challenges for broadacre farm managers. Issues of particular relevance to Western Australian farm managers are emphasized. Key market, environmental, technical, structural and social challenges and their implications for farm managers are discussed. Delving and Divining for Australian Farm Management Agenda: 1970-2010Glenn Ronan, Principal Strategy Consultant, Primary Industries and Resources South Australia Abstract Challenges and opportunities on and off the farm generate a changing agenda for farm business management and farm families in Australia's rural sector. National, state and regional interest in the contribution and connections of farming to agribusiness, the food sector and the economy, the environmental status of rural land and water and the welfare of farm families leads to public policies interfacing and interacting with private farm business interests. The Emerging Dairy Economy in China: Production, Consumption and Trade ProspectsZhang-Yue Zhou, Asian Agribusiness Research Centre, The University of Sydney, Orange NSW 2800 zzhou@orange.usyd.edu.au , Wei-Ming Tian, and Jun-Lin Zhou College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing China 100094 AbstractCurrently per capita consumption of dairy products in China is low. The question as to whether China's strong economic growth and the resulting higher consumer income would represent a great market potential for dairy products has drawn much interest from the dairy industry both within and outside China. This paper overviews China's dairy market with up-to-date information and highlights important factors affecting its development. The study shows that the growth of demand for dairy products in China is promising. However, despite the fact that China's accession to the WTO will result in reductions in trade barriers, a substantial increase in exports of dairy products to the Chinese market is unlikely in the near future. This is due to a number of reasons including taste differences between the Chinese and the consumers of major dairy exporting countries. To succeed in the Chinese market, dairy exporters need to increase their understanding of the Chinese dairy markets and to consider modifying their products to suit the tastes of the Chinese. The Demand for Wine in Australia Using a Systems Approach: Industry ImplicationsHui-Shung (Christie) Chang, Senior Lecturer in the School of Economics at the University of New England, Garry Griffith, Principal Research Scientist in the NSW Agriculture Beef Industry Centre at Armidale and Nicholas Bettington, Adjunct Professor in the Graduate School of Agricultural and Resource Economics at the University of New England AbstractThe objective of this study is to explain the factors determining the demand for wine in Australia, based on a systems approach where wine demand is modelled as part of the broader demand for alcoholic drinks (beer, wine and spirits). Time series data on retail price indexes and apparent per capita consumption of alcoholic beverages for Australia for the period 1975/76 to 1998/99 are used for econometric estimation of an Almost Ideal Demand System. The results show that the demand for beer and wine is price inelastic and that both beer and wine are luxury goods. The study also found that current beer and wine consumption strongly follows past consumption patterns. Drink driving campaigns have not had a significant effect on alcoholic consumption, but there seems to have been a structural change in consumer preferences that has had a significant impact on the volume of wine consumption. Finally, there seems to have been an overall upward trend in wine consumption and a downward trend for beer consumption. The study re-confirms the importance of developing a model that considers the impacts of both economic and non-economic variables on wine consumption. Implications for wine industry marketing strategies are suggested. Household Animal Raising Behaviour in China's Developed Regions:
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